Flight safety report

Access the ECCAIRS 2 reporting system here

How to submit a report without registering:

1. Select "Click here to begin" under the heading "Report an occurrence without registration".

2. Select "Finland" if you want to report the occurrence to Traficom.

3. After this, you can choose whether you are reporting as a private individual (I report on my personal behalf) or on behalf of an organization (I report on behalf of my organisation).

4. Select "Online" to access and fill out the form.

5. You will find instructional texts on the form for filling in the data fields. You can add attachments and contact details before submitting the form.

How to register in the system: 

If you wish, you can register as an individual user of the system by selecting "Register as an individual user". If you want to register your organization as a user of the system, select "Register your organisation". Fill in the necessary information on the form. The system will send a registration request to Traficom, which will process it as soon as possible.

If you need guidance, please contact lentoturvallisuus@traficom.fi

Access the reporting form here 

On the reporting form select English as language.
This form is intended for reporting by private general and recreational aviation pilots and only for occurrences that took place within Finnish territory. The form does not display all data fields according to the ECCAIRS taxonomy; only those most relevant to this group of aviators have been selected. Traficom will complete other necessary data fields during the further processing of the report. 

If the occurrence took place outside Finland, the report must be submitted via the ECCAIRS 2 system. 
Aviation organizations must report all occurrences via the ECCAIRS 2 system.

The reporting form was introduced in March 2026. Feedback on the form is welcome and can be most easily provided via a short survey.

Passengers can report an observed safety issue in commercial air transport by following the instructions on this page.

You can make the notification of a significant cyber security as required by the NIS2 directive here.  

Further information about cyber security in aviation is available here and about the NIS2 directive at the website of the National Cyber Security Centre.

Q: What does the aviation authority do with the occurrence information it gathers?

A: Every reported occurrence is processed in accordance with the section 2.5 of the Finnish Aviation Safety Programme:
1. occurrence report is received, quality checked, combined with other possible reports received regarding the same incident and further classifications are added (f.ex. severity classification, event types, safety performance indicators) and complemented with information from other sources (f.ex. METAR information and flight information are automatically fetched from available data sources). 
Occurrences are stored anonymised (all such information removed, which could enable a person to be identified) into the European Central Repository ECR. 
2. the risk of every occurrence is assessed and based on the assessment if necessary, relevant inspectors and advisers are immediately informed of the occurrence. They in turn make a decision on possible Traficom's further actions. Possible actions are for example contact call with the person or organisation, request for further clarification, oversight visit, safety information or other communication action, regulatory action or influencing on the matter via international organisations. 
Everything is done according to Just Culture principles, i.e. the authority does institute proceedings in respect of unpremeditated or inadvertent infringements of the law. However cases of wilful misconduct or gross negligence are not included under these Just Culture principles. 
3. All gathered safety information is regularly analysed in depth with the goal to f.ex. identify safety-related notable trends, causal factors, effectiveness of safety barriers and changes in operations or in the operational environment. This analysed information is used in Traficom's risk and performance based oversight and other actions.


Q: I filed an occurrence report, why doesn't Traficom provide me with feedback?

A: During the applicability period of the occurrence regulation (2016-2020), Traficom has received on average 7500 reports per year and the trend has been increasing. In 2019 approximately 9500 reports were received. 
It is currently unfortunately not possible to provide specific feedback to a reporter of the actions an individual occurrence has caused. However every occurrence and necessary actions are assessed, as described in the previous answer. Every occurrence provides important information for the safety work both within Traficom as well as within aviation organisations and associations. 
Safety bulletins and safety situation overview are examples of products that are publicly available, and made based on analysed occurrence information.

Q: What changed, when occurrence regulation came into force? What about for a private pilot?

A: For a long time Finland had the national aviation regulation GEN M1-4, which legislated reporting matters. When the EC occurrence regulation came into force on 11th November 2015, the reporting requirements also encompassed ground handling. Also the format of the reports as well as the method of reporting changed. Organisations got the requirement to analyse occurrences. 

When EC regulation came into force, the national regulation GEN M1-4 had to be repealed. Instead aviation advisory circular GEN T1-4 was published, which contains national specifications and guidance, supplementing the occurrence regulation. 
The basic principle remained the same: if in doubt, file a report!

Q: What kind of events must be reported?

A: Any occurrences related to aircraft operations, airworthiness, maintenance, air navigation services and facilities, aerodromes, and ground handling services. As the latest area, also certain occurrences in drone operations need to be reported.  See GEN T1-4 for detailed descriptions.

Q: I am a paraglider/hang glider pilot. Do I have to report any occurrence, incident or accident to Traficom?

A: Yes. In accordance with the Aviation Act, the EU Regulation on occurrence reporting is applicable to all aircraft, including gliders.


Q: I am a parachute jumper. Do I have to report any occurrence, incident or accident to Traficom?

A: It is advisable to submit a voluntary report to Traficom, if an aircraft was involved in the event.

Q: Who is required to make analyses?

A: The organisation by which the person reporting the event is employed or for which the work is done. In addition, the aviation authority may request a separate analysis of any occurrence that has come to its knowledge. Further info, see section 5 of GEN T1-4.

Q: What kind of events must be analysed?

A: An operator must analyse every occurrence report in some way. If the operator notices that several events are related to the same category of occurrences or events, it must make a thematic study/analysis covering the whole group of similar events. Further info, see section 5.


Q: How thorough must the analysis be?

A: The EU regulation does not specify how thorough or exhaustive the analysis should be. In practice, an occurrence analysis to determine any safety risks involved may often be a thought process internal to the person who is dealing with the event. This process may raise issues that need to be processed in accordance with the organisation’s risk assessment procedures, for example. It is good to approach the analysis requirement in an “SMS spirit”, seeking to identify and correct any risks and deficiencies. The occurrence analysis then develops as a byproduct. Identifying and correcting deficiencies is the most essential goal pursued by the analysis obligation.


Q: Which analyses must be sent to Traficom?Q: Which analyses must be sent to Traficom?

A: If the operator, based on their analysis, considers that the event involves an actual or potential risk to aviation safety, the preliminary results of the analysis must be submitted to the Traficom within 30 days. If the final results differ from the preliminary analysis, they must be submitted within 3 months of the event. It is at the operator’s discretion which risks it sees as actual or potential hazards to aviation safety. Further info, see section 5 of GEN T1-4.

Q: Will Traficom forward the flight safety report to the aircraft manufacturer where necessary?

A: Traficom will not send flight safety reports to aircraft manufacturers. Traficom evaluates the reports case by case. For technical deficiencies, the established practice is that the aircraft owner/holder submits the information to the manufacturer or type certificate holder.
However, operational events may involve elements that are under the manufacturer’s or type certificate holder’s responsibility. In this case we first contact the reporter and ask if the entity responsible for the issue has already been informed. After discussions with the reporter, we assess the case and decide on any further action needed.

Q: According to Article 6 of the regulation, Each organisation established in a Member State shall designate one or more persons to handle independently the collection, evaluation, pro-cessing, analysis and storage of details of occurrences. What does this specifically entail?

A: Organisation must define a person or persons, who conduct the said functions or who have a clear role in those functions. The objective of the occurrence regulation is best achieved, when the person/persons or their unit is separated from operative functions in the organizational structure. In small organisations persons conducting the functions can operate in opera-tive functions, as long as the organization ensures that the confidentiality of information and protection of information source is done appropriately, respecting the just culture-principles.
 

Q: How shall the personal information in occurrence reports be managed during analysis and management of reports within an organization?

A: Personal information shall only be visible to the person/persons, who the organization has designated to be responsible for collecting, evaluation, processing, analysis and storage. These persons need to be known to the organization (f.ex. in SMS-documentation). Adherence to just culture-principles is the essential element in these functions. Designated persons need to have a genuine role in the processing of occurrence reports, and personal information shall not be distributed throughout the organization. Personal information may be provided staff to other than the designated persons only if where absolutely necessary in order to investigate occurrences with a view to enhancing aviation safety.
 

Q: I'm a flight examiner. Do I need to report an occurrence or incident which occurred during examination flight?

A: Examiner is typically the pilot in command, who has the main obligation to file a report.
If the flight examiner is the pilot in command, he or she must in all cases file the report, but it is also recommended to inform the training organisation (in case the exam flight pertains to a flight student). Training organisation can also instruct the examinee to file a report through the organisations's reporting system. 
 

Q: Where can I get more information on occurrence regulation?

A: A good source is the Easy Access Rules for Occurrence Reporting, maintained by EASA. It contains both the regulation as well as relevant guidance material. 
You can provide questions regarding reporting to Traficom using this link.